A Business Proposal to Improve Production

A Business Proposal to Improve Productivity, Guest Experience, and Revenue Through Innovative Use of Technology Prepared for Freddie Johnson Vice President, Research and Marketing Boardman Management Group Prepared by Darren Jackson Manager of Marketing Baderman Island ResortMarch 7, 2012 Proposal Number: RM07-01 Baderman Island Resort: A Business Proposal Baderman Island Resort A Business Proposal to Improve Productivity, Guest Experience, and Revenue Executive Summary Background The Baderman Island Resort has 3 hotels, a convention center, 4 restaurants, 2 gift shops, a pro shop and a spa. While all of the business entities are owned by the Baderman Island Resort and executively managed by the Boardman Management Group, each business entity is operated independently.Each business entity was opened at different times and, while each entity started out with up-to-date computer hardware and software, upgrades of equipment and software have not been uniform. The word processing softw are in use at the Resort is a case in point. Currently, we have: * 26 computers running Windows XP and Word XP * 38 computers running Windows 2000 and Word 2000 * 6 computers running Windows 98 and Word 97 While there is backward compatibility between the various versions of the software, the older versions do not have all of the â€Å"bells and whistles† of the newer versions.We are wondering what would be entailed to upgrade to a standard version of Microsoft Word or, alternatively, to switch to a word processing software application from another vendor. Currently, Baderman Island Resort is in need of addressing business risk with effective technology. Old and out dated Systems have the tenices to go offline when aging components fail and key networking connection don’t work. Security issues can emerge and threaten the integrity of business data. All work or portions of the business could see systems go offline, while other systems continue to operate normally.The cu rrent IT or Windows system in place is not up to date or easy to manage, and this is a situation that could possible set the stage for potential problems down the road. Objective Maintain productive smooth running business operations that are mission critical. To maintain business momentum and employee productivity by being trained for challenges that are associated with acquiring and maintaining the most effective IT environments to support ongoing operations. The technology must be both affordable and easy to operate on a day-in, day-out basis to effectively support the business.Goals Baderman Island Resort: A Business Proposal To ensure the company has the capability of facing the growing demands of today’s market, supply data, and services to customers on a level that will exceed the expectation of the customers. Provide each employee with the knowledge training to successfully run and give value service information to the customer concerning the wireless service. For Win dows XP to provide huge amounts of useful software on their platform, provide more RAM to increase memory, and provide widespread availability of hardware driver support.Improved storage capacity will allow us to be better positioned to serve our customers and meet increasing demand for security and wireless connectivity. Improve corporate network security by not allowing personal information about customers or intellectual property on phones, be sure that access to the corporate network using a smartphone be based not only on the user’s role in the business, but also on his or her location and the connection used, such as inside or outside the corporate network, or through a VPN.For example, a connection via an unsecured Wi-Fi network that is not going through the corporate VPN should be blocked. And also wireless networking benefits that will provide reliability, security and robustness service for our customers. Cost The following table presents an initial estimate of cost s. Table of Estimated Cost Initial Monitoring and Units Rate Total Cost ($)Information Gathering 384 hrs. 50 hr. (avg. ) $19,200| Evaluation of up Grades Units Rate Total Cost ($)| and Instillation 288 hrs. $70 hr. (avg. ) $43,200 Implementation of Windows Units Rate Total Cost ($) | IT System 96 $50 hr. (avg. $4,800 Employee Training Units Rate Total Cost ($)| 48 $50 hr. (avg. ) $2,400 | Total Project Costs $52,320 | Note: This estimate is comprised of information based on the gathering by Boardman Management Group and the initial research by Baderman Island Resort. These calculations are expected to remain consistent throughout the process.Baderman Island Resort: A Business Proposal Administrative Information These are the desired qualifications for technicians, requirements for formatting and submitting feedback, confidentiality notice of proposal submissions, employer reference requirements, contact information for clarification, deadline for proposal submission, timeframe for v endor selection and selection criteria. Technicians need to have top-notch software and hardware skills including the ability to troubleshoot, resolve problems, diagnose hardware problems and replace malfunctioning components.The requirements for formatting and submitting proposals is letter of transmittal with proper identification, a brief description of your organization’s experience as it relates to the services specified in this RFP, include organizations points of contact, and attach the Signature Affidavit and Reference Form to the narrative portion. The cost proposal should be submitted in a separate sealed envelope with the written proposal that clearly identifies all fees to be charged for the requested services. Confidentiality notice that gives us the right to accept or reject any or all proposals submitted.Present a signed employee reference requirement. Employer reference requirement is needed to ensure contractual expectations and requirements. The deadline dat e for proposal submission is 30 days form the proposal date at 12 midnight. Selection criteria for vendors to adhere to are the ability to maintain confidentiality, to work as a team, to work independently, to work under pressure, attention to detail, flexible and adaptable approach to work, initiative, organizational/planning skills, problem-solving ability, verbal communication/interpersonal skills and written communication skills.Closing With this new technology onboard at Baderman Island Resort, it will enable the hotel to do more than provide guests with enhanced technology. Baderman Island Resort will have more ways than ever to interact with it guests in their rooms, to the mutual benefit of the hotel and the guests. Customer interaction will move to the next level with the new version of eRoomsuite is deployed. These new technology will allow Boardman Management Group enhancements that will take advantage of the new Microsoft technology, including Window Server 2010 Hyper-V virtualization technology.Server virtualization, which enables multiple virtual servers to run on a single physical machine, will enable Baderman Island Resort to install fewer servers at a hotel property, thereby saving space, utility costs, and maintenance overhead as well as help ensure business continuity and more effective disaster recovery. Sincerely, Lon Ratcliff Manager of Marketing Baderman Island Resort Baderman Island Resort: A Business Proposal Accepted for Baderman Island Resort By Name: | | | Signture: Date:

Promotional Strategy

MS. SHARUL SEEMA. NiN 5/12 Gertrude Street, St Albans 3021, VIC Ph: (M) 0420 573 056, (H) 0390 773 684 Email Address: [email  protected] com Objectives To apply my extensive administration and customer service skills to contribute the smooth running of the business. Skills Summary ? To pursue a career where I can utilize my education, skills, and experience, ? I am innovative, hardworking and have excellent customer focus, ? I am self motivated, enthusiastic and enjoy helping, ? I can work on my own and also in a team environment, I   have Good organizational skills, Good time management skills, ? Excellent communication skills, Honest, dedicated and committed, ? Ability to work and meet deadlines. Education 2012: Currently studying certificate 4 in business administration in Ashley Institute of Training Sunshine victoria 2012: Completed Certificate III in Business Administration in Ashley institute of training, Sunshine Victoria. 2002: Completed Masters of Business Administratio n MBA majoring in Human Resource Management in India affiliated to Newport University California, USA. 000: Completed Diploma in Computers from Web World in Karnataka, INDIA. 2000: Completed Bachelor of Commerce from Kuvempu University in Karnataka INDIA. 1997: Completed Year 12 from Karnataka, INDIA Professional Experience/history 20/ 10/2010- 25/02/2011 Worked as a Full time sales representative at Exhale store in Deer park Victoria. 21/10/05 – 23/03/06: Worked Part-time Customer Service Officer at Myer Sydney City Store. ? Opening and closing of Cash register banking. Handled cash, credit cards, EFTPOS, gift cards, lay buys, Gift vouchers, foreign currencies and foreign traveller’s cheques. Assisting customers in helping them to select the item and taking personal initiative to advice them of the specials and offers in the Men’s clothing. ? Solving customer queries and problems in person and on the phone. ? Taking orders from customers and other stores and as sisting customer in every possible way to meet their needs. ? Trained Christmas casual staff on the Cash register. 18/04/02 – Worked as a project Trainee in human resource management at Oriental Transport limited, BPL Group, Bangalore, INDIA ? Able to investigate and analyse and critically examine the performance on the Oriental transport company and its employees, Gained experience in completing appraisals for staff members as well as workers by evaluating the work performance. Achievements Worked as a volunteer and organised a big Christmas charity feast on 25th Dec 2004 for 600 homeless people in Parramatta at Uniting church Parramatta mission, Sydney, by gathering all food suppliers to help and make this occasion a memorable day for all homeless and needy people. Citizenship:   Permanent Resident of Australia. Referees: Name: ChloeName:Antonella Company:EXHALE, Deer ParkCompany:Myer Sydney City Store Victoria3021NSW2000 Role:ManagerRole:Manager Telephone:0435061575Telep hone:(02)92389111

Epic of Gilgamesh †Brandon Barros Essay

The Epic of Gilgamesh is considered one of our first recorded literary pieces and I think it has shaped and influenced our present day lives in many ways. One thing that really caught my attention about this piece is the description of the main character, Gilgamesh. Very similar to movies and stories today, Gilgamesh, is described as a beautiful man. They mentioned him having the perfect body, â€Å"endowed† with beauty, courage†¦. and his beauty being perfect compared to others. He is described as being someone everyman wants to be, someone you can only dream of, they take it a step further and say he is two-thirds God and one-third man. He is the ultimate movie star. I think this began defining beauty and the type of person we would expect to see in stories, plays & movies. Gilgamesh is a manly man who is not perfect, he is relatable but he is also something you could never be. It leaves you wanting to be like someone you never could. How might our stories and movies be different if we didn’t set this standard of beauty with our first piece of written literature? The story and quest is timeless and we see the same framework used today in many movies, novels†¦etc. The creation of friendships, enemies becoming friends, death, questioning life, all are common in books and movies today. Gilgamesh’s questions about life and dealing with death reminded me of books like, â€Å"Tuesdays with Morrie†, or the movie â€Å"My Girl.† Both of these movies deal with the lost of a friend and take you through a dark period of grief and reflection. Last year I watched a movie called â€Å"Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The lighting thief.† I couldn’t help but notice a very similar concept†¦ a boy is part god and part man, defying the Gods, but also seeks the Gods for wisdom and later becomes a hero. Throughout the story he is questioning the problems in his own life, but at the end he realizes decisions were made in his best interest. It seems that this type of literature has heavily influenced the Greeks as well. Another influence that is mentioned when people talk about the Epic of Gilgamesh is the similarities between characters in the story and â€Å"characters† in a modern day Bible. Utnapishtim seems very similar to Noah, he tells a story of the human society being beyond redemption and being punished by a great flood. Utnapishtim is instructed to build a boat, bring on all creatures and becomes a hero after the great flood. If this story has influenced the modern day bible, then its influence on modern times is priceless. The story of Noah is one of the most popular bible stories ever and is still being reinterpreted today. Within the next 24 months there is a big budget movie called â€Å"Noah† starring Russell Crow and Anthony Hopkins coming out. Over time, I think we will continue to recreate these stories and see them retold from different perspectives. Something that I find particularly interesting is how popular this story has become with Ancient Alien Theorists. The History Channel show, Ancient Aliens, goes into great detail about the Epic of Gilgamesh. They believe that what we consider as old myths and stories were once considered stories about our actual past. Is it a coincidence that the book of Genesis in the Bible has a very similar flood story? A great flood, a man who is not perfect given the order to collect animals, abandon riches, the flood seems to punish mans sin. There is an obvious relationship, is it possible that the Hebrew bible â€Å"borrowed† from this mythological story? Years ago in Iraq they found what many people believe could be King Gilgamesh’s tomb. If he really existed, is there any truth to the story? Is it simply a myth? ~ Brandon Barros

Film Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Studies - Essay Example The film Amelie begins with an omniscient narrator detailing the likes and dislikes of Amelie’s parents providing insight into Amelie’s formative childhood that led to her introspective personality. Both parents eschew touching. For example, the father hates his swimming costume sticking to his legs and the mother hates when someone brushes her hand. Although the child-Amelie craves physical affection, her father only touches her once a month with his stethoscope during her check-up. Excited by this contact, Amelie’s heartbeat quickens causing her father to diagnose her with a heart condition that causes her to become home schooled by her neurotic mother. Amelie develops into an extraordinarily imaginative child whose only friend is a suicidal goldfish. Yet, Amelie is not simply a recluse; she shows a spark for something more in her life. She craves tactile pleasure eating raspberries from her fingertips, pulling â€Å"glue skin† from her finger, running h er finger around a wineglass top, or plunging her hand into a sack of beans. She also demonstrates an ability to feel her interconnectedness with society at large as well as a bit of fire for harmless revenge. When a nasty neighbor tricks Amelie into believing that her taking photographs lead to a car accident and other citywide accidents, she innately believes in her ability to connect with others in this unseen, spiritual way. Yet, once she realizes the neighbor’s trick, the cheeky Amelie revenges the avid football fan by unplugging his TV at pivotal match moments. Quite opposite to Amelie’s solitary upbringing, her future love Nino suffered a fate much like Oskar from Let The Right One In as classmates bully both. Of course, Nino’s bullying is slanted towards humor, yet Oskar’s world of isolation is far more detrimental, sad, and violent. Oskar’s divorced mother and father seem completely disconnected from their son. Oskar retreats into an imagi nary world where he is the tough bully threatening and debasing weaker boys. The film opens with the prepubescent Oskar standing shirtless holding a small knife commanding an unseen foe to â€Å"Squeal like a pig† (Lindqvist). Oskar is attempting to reverse the power relationship between himself and the bullies by inventing his own bully identity within the mirror image reflected in his apartment window. Of course, neither Oskar nor Amelie’s identities remain unchanged by their films’ conclusions. Within Amelie’s world, hearing the shocking report of Lady Diana’s death causes Amelie to drop a bottle top that nocks loose a tile revealing a long lost box of a child’s treasures. Frances notes â€Å"Princess Di, often referred to in the film†¦represented for the collective, heart values that lie in the shadow of cultures† (2003). Inspired to find the owner and become an agent of kindness, Amelie enters a manic world where characters drives plot and plot drives characters. Riding the maze-like subway, Amelie locates the owner, who is so touched by this anonymous gift that he vows to reconnect with his daughter to meet his grandson. Just as characters incite change within each other in Amelie’

Managers and HR Professionals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managers and HR Professionals - Essay Example Despite the facts that supervisors remain in close contact with employees and are aware of their needs and requirements, their opinions are over rules and ignored. This reflects through improper selection of candidates, high rates of attrition of crucial resources, rising costs of recruitments and high investments in training and developmental activities. Supervisors are subjected to too much scrutiny and inspection which keeps them from performing to the best of their abilities. b) ‘Should managers be given more autonomy to make decision making, but what are some of the drawbacks of doing so?’ It is recommended that managers are given greater autonomy in handling HR activities of the organization. This is because they remain in close connection with their subordinates and know about their shortcomings, strengths, training needs, causes of frustrations and resentment which causes them to leave. Greater autonomy would allow them to manage the workforce according to the sp ecific needs of the situation and this would help keep employees satisfied which would further better their performance. However, too much autonomy of the managers might give them the opportunity to exploit the workers and deprive them of their deserving. c) ‘How should top executive deal with the situation and more specifically, how should the HR director deal with it?’ The top executives and the Director can resolve the situation by providing greater authority to the supervisors and line managers in handling the workforce activities. However, at the same time they must closely review the performance of the managers so as to ensure that their decisions are safe and favorable for the organization (Armstrong & Baron, 2002, p.119). 2. Boeing and Airbus Outsourcing a) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing for these companies, as described in the article. The main advantages of outsourcing for these companies is that they can avail a highly talented and q ualified workforce and skills which are not available in their own country. Additionally the rare skills can be employed at a much less compensation level as compared to a worker who is employed in the home country. Thus it is cost effective to outsource activities in foreign nations. However, the main disadvantage lies in the fact that exchange rates are subject to fluctuations and can severe loss to a company when the value of currency in the home nation falls as compared to the guest nation, as happened in the case of Airbus when the value of dollar rose. b) Are there ethical considerations involved in this type of outsourcing? Please explain. Such fluctuations in the exchange rates causing great losses for the companies generally results in job cuts to compensate for the loss, which is regarded as an unethical practice. Also discontentment among workers results in strikes, demanding unfair claims from workers which pose significant loss for the company (Brewster & Harris, 1999, p.27). 3. Importance of Tolerance in the Workplace Incident no. 1 a) Should ABC comply with its client’s request? It is recommended that ABC Temps abides by its client’s request of removing Susan from the particular job role. This is because every

Cost Life Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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How SOX (SarbanesOxley Act of 2002) affects corporate governance and Research Paper

How SOX (SarbanesOxley Act of 2002) affects corporate governance and what additional improvements need to be added to SOX to improve corporate governance - Research Paper Example Oxley, thus the act’s nomenclature, and enacted on July 30, the act aimed to regulate and control the corporate and accounting sectors, particularly in the public company boards of management, and the management and public accounting companies (Shakespeare 333). The act goes by several names, considering its purpose. The act was referred to as the Corporate and Auditing Accountability and Responsibility Act when in the house, whereas in the Senate is as per the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act. The SOX (also Sabox) was proposed as an act that would protect investors by ensuring improvements in the corporate disclosures precision and trustworthiness for among other purposes pursuing the securities market and laws. The outcome of the act is sections that dictate the responsibilities expected of a public corporation board of directors, the criminal consequences to various misconduct, and creation of regulations by the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) on the compliance of public corporations to the act’s laws. The laws of the act are encased in eleven titles under the elements which include the Corporate Responsibility, Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Corporate and Criminal Fraud Account ability, Auditor Independence, White Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement, Enhanced Financial Disclosures, Studies and Reports, Analyst Conflicts of Interest, Commission Resources and Authority, Corporate Tax Returns, and Corporate Fraud Accountability. The section covers the legal provisions which include disclosure controls (302), Improper influence on conduct of audits (303), disclosures in periodic reports also termed as Off-balance sheet items (401), Smaller public companies (404), criminal penalties for influencing US Agency investigation/proper administration (802), criminal Penalties for CEO/CFO financial statement certification (906), and criminal penalties for retaliation against

Coroprate accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Coroprate accounting - Essay Example This is due to X being the holder of 60% of Y’s share capital despite not taking part in management. This is because corporate ownership can exist without an investor taking part in the day-to-day management of another company. This can also be backed by the concept of corporate governance. Corporate governance principles dictate that ownership and management must be separated and no party should be allowed to participate in both (O’Bryan 133). This is why in virtually all public corporations the directors and the shareholders are different people. On the date of acquisition, Carol ltd. will recognize the contingent liability at its fair value, that is, $20,000. This means that it will be credited at Carol ltd. books at $20,000. When the liability eventuates after acquisition, it will be removed from the books of accounts by debiting the contingent liability account. This will be matched with accredit entry in the bank (cash) account, which depicts a decrease in assets as

Global project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global project management - Essay Example The research has been conducted in order to identify and analyse the culture influenced problem in international project management. From the literature section, it was found that, there are large numbers of international projects that fails due to miscommunication and social fragmentation. The main argument is that, language used in social interaction create boundary for social fragmentation and obstacles of managing projects globally. According to Goffee and Jones (1996), cultural diversity brings verities of skills and expertise within project teams and can have a strong impact on the effectiveness of international project management. The diversity of culture and institutional difference between organizational members add extra cost in the large construction and engineering projects (Salomon and Schork, 2003). In the era of globalization, most of the companies are trying to manifests itself in international projects and offshore service delivery. Loosemore and Lee (2002) opined that globalization is the central theme of the today’s business society. However, it has been noticed that, project managers faces additional challenges to manage their project globally due to presence of cultural diversity. Religious beliefs and cultural factors impose external issues in the workplace. Cultural difference hampers the sense of belongingness and reduces cultural identity of the workers. Thus, one of the primary issu es to manage projects globally is the potential inability to communicate with the team members belonging from different cultural background. The literature section of the proposal deals with addressing the previous areas of research, theories, models and concepts in relation to the current topic. Through the study of existing literature, the researcher intended to identify the existing gaps in literature and based on that has tried to carry out a critical evaluation. Globalization has affected the approaches to project management and changed the needs

An Analysis of six Infrastructure projects that take place in two Dissertation

An Analysis of six Infrastructure projects that take place in two countries - Dissertation Example Differences in organizational cultures between companies or disparities in professional cultures between consultants, contractors and clients may exist. This dissertation aims to address the impact of political and cultural differences in project management of cross national projects. Apart from identifying the political and cultural differences that affect project management, case studies of six infrastructure construction projects in two countries have been conducted. The research suggests that differences in professional cultures, politics and institutions affect the successful management of the projects. The results on how cultural disparities affect cross national projects can help project managers in the identification of potential areas of possible conflict in cross national projects apart from suggesting areas of future research. Keywords: culture, cultural differences, cross national, cross border, project management, politics, institutions Outline 1. INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 2.1 Definitions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 2.2. ... RESEARCH OBJECTIVES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15 Search Strategy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..15 4. LITERATURE REVIEW†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...17 4.1 . Institutional Theory........................................................................17 4.2 Relevance of the application of institutional theory to construction project management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 4.3 Impact of culture and politics in the management and organization of cross national projects: a review of literature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 4.4 Cultural Dimensions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.20 4.4.1 Hofstede’s cultural variability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...20 4.4.2 Schwartz’s Cultural Value Type†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21 4.4.3 Trompenaars’ cultural diversity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦,,,,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 4.4.4 House and colleagues project GLOBE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.24 4.5 Cross-National Cultural Differences†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.26 4.6 Cross-national Conflicts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.†¦ .27 4.7 Project Performance†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦...29 4.8 Cultural management of cross national projects†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.30 5. METHODOLOGY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.32 5.1 Approaches and methodologies in project management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦32 5.2 Influences and difficulties in cross cultural collaboration†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..34 5.2.1 Suitability of the Research Approach†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.34 5.2.2 Reliability and Relevance of Research finding†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦..35 5.3 Project Choice and

Modern Vampirism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Modern Vampirism - Essay Example After they free the monkeys, the animals turn on them and bite them hence inflicting them with the virus. The virus soon becomes an epidemic afflicting anyone who comes in contact with the blood through any contact with the infected people. John Wyndham continues to spin the same post-apocalyptic tale although his zombies or vampires take on a rather an unprecedented form. The author presents the zombie character as plants called Triffids that have the ability to walk by upping their roots. However, the catastrophic attribute of these creatures is the lethal venom that they have in their sting, and it is often fatal to humans. The three depictions significantly differ from the traditional definition that almost teetered significantly toward a religious perspective. The directors and author imply that human beings were the cause of the entire affliction that they were facing. In The Omega Man, Robert Neville explains that the virus epidemic came about due to the germ warfare between R ussia and China where both sides employed biological weapons. In 28 Days Later, Jim is the main protagonist that makes a claim about the people responsible through his explanation of the events. He states that the activists had gone to set the monkeys free while the scientist was experimenting with a lethal virus capable of wiping off all trace of humanity from the face of the earth. It, therefore, suffices to say that human rights were over-zealous in their quest, and the scientists were equally guilty for summoning up the mother of plagues.

The Collision of Two Cultures Essay Example for Free

The Collision of Two Cultures Essay The Collision of Two Cultures Implications of Cultural Values and Beliefs on Caring Concepts Abstract This paper is a personal response to Anne Fadiman’s book The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down. The paper includes a summary of the book, an overall impression of the reader, a discussion of three major themes evident in the book, and a description of a situation from the book and how the situation could be handled differently using references and material learned in 3020 Transcultural Nursing. Keywords: culture, cultural barriers, values and beliefs, language barrier, assimilation process The Collision of Two Cultures – Implications of Cultural Values and Beliefs on Caring Concepts After I finished my second summer semester this year I had 3 weeks break before starting fall semester, where I enrolled for this class. I had acquired my books already from a fellow student and went home to enjoy my three weeks of not studying; just working. As I was putting the books away at home, I started reading the back of Anne Fadiman’s book â€Å"The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down† where a journalist of The Washington Post referred to the book as utterly engaging, readable, and a superb piece of writing. Instead of storing the book I carried it upstairs and put it on my night table. That evening after I snuggled up in my bed I got to know Lia Lee, her parents, her doctors, and I learned about the struggles that were involved in caring for an ill child that sat between two cultures; the Hmong culture and the culture of American health care professionals. Anne Fadiman takes the reader on a cultural journey where she describes the case of Lia Lee, a Hmong infant that suffers from epilepsy. As she tells the story of Lia and her immigrant family that had to flee from their home country and eventually gained entrance into the United States, she reveals the history and cultural traditions of the Hmong people. Moreover, she describes how her parents and the medical community of Merced Medical Center in California strive to help Lia as they try to treat and care for the epileptic child each in their own way. The values and beliefs that both sides hold seem to be irreconcilable at the time because the two sides do not know enough about each other to even try to understand that both sides mean well and try their best to help Lea in her struggles to regain her health or control the condition. Fadiman details the misunderstandings that arise when two cultures come face-to-face but cannot understand each other. Lia arrives in the hospital with epileptic seizures which her parents blamed on a slammed door, a spirit catching Lia, and subsequent soul loss. To the western doctors, who know little about the Hmong people and their culture, Lia’s seizure was caused by dysfunction in her brain which can be treated with medication. The doctors are unaware of the fact that the Lee’s diagnosed Lia with â€Å"qaug dab peg† which is the Hmong word for epilepsy, though considered potentially dangerous in Hmong culture it also distinguishes a person and may be indicative of a possible future as a shaman. The Hmong, like American Indians, are circular thinkers who see universal connections in all things. The Hmong, unlike Americans, don’t split the mind and the body. To the Cartesian, linear thinking doctors, medical health cannot be restored by bargaining with spiritual powers and offering animal sacrifices. The book also touches on historical and political events which have shaped the character traits of Hmong and Americans. For centuries the Hmong have resisted persecution, manipulation, and domination by other Asian groups. They are a proud people and cherish their independence. The Hmong’s challenge of authority frustrated the American doctors who aren’t used to having their authority questioned. The Lees non compliance with the western medical treatment was rooted in their belief that the family makes the decisions for their children which in their culture is in the best interest of the child. The Lees were convinced that the medication regimen only made Lia more ill and refused or altered the medication regiment. The doctors retaliated and showed their power by removing Lia from her parent’s home to foster care where they hoped Lia’s condition would stabilize. However, there was that fear that lingered over the medical community in the Merced hospital that Lia would one day come in â€Å"with the big one†, the doctors called a grand mal seizure that would deprive the child of vital oxygen to her brain and either take her life or leave her in a vegetative state. Inevitably the day came that Lia suffered a grand mal seizure. Since, her higher brain function has ceased and she was left in a state that the western doctors described as dead, however, for the Lees it was the soul that had now left her body with no return. Lia was taken home from the hospital where the medical team thought she would die soon after. However, the Lees loving competent care kept her alive, a life that in western value and belief system is not worth living, whereas the Hmong see it as a variation of nature and care for Lia even more, still hoping that her soul may return to her body one day. After finishing the book, I caught myself thinking that maybe Lia’s soul would one day return to her body. I truly enjoyed reading this cross-cultural account that is full of knowledge and derives wisdom from people of different life-ways. Somehow, the book allows the reader to step out of one’s own culture and look at the world like a Hmong. Recognition of cultural differences is important in a country that consists of mostly immigrants. As people of one country we want to take care of each other, understand each other, and live with each other. Therefore, people need to get to know each other and understand the cultural backgrounds, value and belief systems. That is my opinion as a person. Looking at the book from the perspective of a nurse makes it even more valuable. I have always liked the idea of culturally congruent care and have tried to incorporate it in my daily practice as a nurse. After reading this book, however, my perception of cultural care has changed. Anne Fadiman has spent years on her research on Hmong culture and her goal to make people understand the vast differences in values and beliefs of people from cultures that are different than main stream culture here in America. Her efforts make it possible for other people to embrace the knowledge she has collected and hopefully people are able to use the knowledge to make a difference in somebody else’s life; somebody else, like Lia. Fadimans book illustrates how much time, commitment, and energy is necessary to understand another cultures perspective on health and wellness and to translate that understanding into the day-to-day practice of medicine and caring. Incorporating cultural beliefs into medical care can go a long way to help people cope with illnesses. â€Å"A little medicine and a little neeb†, is what Nao Kao, Lia’s Dad said. In these simple words is hidden much of the truth that would have helped the Lees to cope better and comply more with Lia’s medication regimen. If the outcome would have been different is questionable, however, the cultural aspect of Lia’s care was disregarded by the medical staff, both nurses and doctors and led to more complication than necessary. The involvement of a twix neeb would not have harmed Lia’s medical treatment; it would have enhanced it. The twix neeb, a shaman conducts his work on a metaphysical plane. He usually mediates between the earthly and the spiritual world, however, there is no evidence that this treatment hurts anybody (Fadiman, 1997, p. 267). According to Dwight Conquergood, who has seen medication bottles on the altars of neebs, they do not resist medications, rather they incorporate it in the heeling process (Fadiman, 1991, p. 268). The book delivers much food for thought for whom ever is hungry for it, but it is especially useful for medical staff and doctors who dedicate their work to helping others. Anne Fadiman makes clear that we treat people and not diseases or body parts. On that note, she quotes William Osler who said â€Å"Ask not what disease the person has, but rather what person has the disease† (Fadiman, 1997, p. 75). The major theme in Fadiman’s book is cultural barriers. Language, cultural values and beliefs, and immigration status play an extensive role in assimilation and acculturation to a new society. The language barrier that the Lee’s experienced along with their different values and beliefs made it difficult for the Lees and the Merced medical staff to communicate with each oth er to navigate the treatment for Lia. Through Fadiman’s book, it becomes clear that language is an expression of cultural beliefs. In Hmong language epilepsy is explained in spiritual terms and is, therefore, an expression of their culture that is rooted in the natural and spiritual world. In English epilepsy is explained as a disturbance of brain function, which expresses western values and beliefs that are based on knowledge derived from science. The use of translators only added to the miscommunication of the two sides, especially the use of unskilled people like a janitor or an aid which they used in this case. Fadiman states that cultural brokers are needed to help a situation where the divide between cultures is extensive. In one of his interviews with Fadiman, Neil Ernst, the pediatrician involved in Lia’s care describes the cultural barrier as being a layer of saran wrap between the Lee’s and the medical staff of Merced Medical Center. He states that, you could get somehow into the area where you thought you reached them but you could never be sure that they understood. In 1980 when the Lee’s came to America cross-cultural medicine and care concepts were perceived by the medical community as form of political bamboozlement. Physicians felt that these ideas were an assault on their rationality rather than a potentially lifesaving therapy (Fadiman, 1997, p. 273). Fadiman’s book was a necessity to open the road for cultural congruent care concepts. It serves as a testimony that ethnocentrism on behalf of a majority culture could prohibit people from seeking care or negatively influence the outcome. The description of birth practices and beliefs in Hmong culture is a good example for inhibiting people to seek care. Prenatal care is highly valued in western culture, however, in Hmong culture where our understanding of medical care is nonexistent women take care of their needs. Even in the process of giving birth, as Fadiman describes in the first chapter they deliver their babies by themselves. If help is needed, the husband is utilized to aid in the birth of a Hmong baby. The Hmong women came to the hospital to give birth only because they had heard that if they do not deliver the baby in the hospital it will not be accepted as American citizen and they could not collect money from the government. If it wasn’t for this misconception, the women would have avoided the hospitalization. The Hmong people were political refugees. Fadiman pictures the Hmong as extremely different from typical immigrants who are grateful and happy to have landed in America, the land of opportunity and freedom. As a group, the Hmong have a history of vehemently resisting assimilation. The Hmong refugees were not here because they wanted to be; they were here because they had no other choice. The CIA-led â€Å"quiet war† in Laos had destroyed their homeland villages and made life as they knew it impossible. The life that the refugees found in the United States was strikingly different from their life in the mountains or in the refugee camp in Thailand. The culture shock caused many to cling more zealously to the old ways and to one another. This explains, at least in part, why after being in the United States for a number of years, the Lees appeared to speak virtually no English. Fadiman claims that Lia’s mother, even after being in the U. S. for several years, had no idea how to operate the family telephone. In Transcultural Concepts in Nursing Care, Andrews and Boyle list many factors that affect the process of assimilation and acculturation to a new culture. As first generation immigrants, the Lees came to this country as a middle aged couple with their children. Whereas, Foua, Nao Kao and their peers had many difficulties getting used to the new life the book reveals that their children embraced the new experience and grew up to be bicultural. As involuntary immigrants the first wave of Hmong people clung more to their cultural traditions as voluntary immigrants would do. Fadiman chronicles migration patterns of Hmong people inside the United States. After landing here the Hmong were dispersed across many states to divide the financial burden among the communities. However, the Hmong did not want to live apart from each other in this strange new environment. So against governmental plans they settled in large groups to practice their traditions and help each other. Therefore, the assimilation to the new culture was slowed and delayed. Educational status is another factor that slows assimilation. The Hmong’s educational level was not comparable to western standards. As an indigenous mountain tribe who lived off their land knowledge was limited to what was necessary to survive in that environment. However, when the Hmong came to the United States the pattern of knowledge that was needed to survive changed drastically. To gain entrance into a society different than your own a new set of knowledge needs to be acquired to compete for resources. Caring for people from a culture that has a different set of values and beliefs takes understanding and knowledge on the behalf of the professional that delivers the care. In nursing delivering cultural congruent care is a concept that was established by Madeleine Leininger who developed the theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality (George, 2010, p. 404). In their care practice nurses need to consider the interrelationship of cultural care, well-being, health, illness, and death as it is viewed by people from different cultures (George, 2010, p. 11). The approach should be holistic and explore multidimensional ways of caring. The nurse should seek to discover cultural care universalities and diversities and be able to apply it. Cultural care preservation, accommodation, and restructuring are key concepts of cultural congruent care delivery. Applying my knowledge from this class to the care of Lia I would have tried to establish a working relationship with the family and the ir twix neeb to preserve and maintain their values and beliefs. The involvement of the neeb would have shown Lia’s family that their values and beliefs were acknowledged and not disregarded. Moreover, the twix neeb could have acted as negotiator to ensure that the Lee’s adhered to the medication regiment. Fadiman describes situations in the hospital where Lia was put in restraints to not interrupt her medical treatment by pulling on tubes and IV lines. The Lees were enraged about the restraints and tried to free her from the coercion of force that was administered by the medical professional at Merced Medical Center. Involving a cultural broker like Fadiman terms it would have helped to concert the different views of treatment. The Lees wanted to care for her daughter by holding her and having her close, however, the medical staff wanted to maintain their treatment modalities to get Lia the medical treatment that she needed. A holistic approach is of utmost importance and maybe some agreement could be made to how the parents could have held and be close to Lia without interfering with the treatment modalities. Restructuring Lia’s environment and treatment would have been a matter of more sensitivity on behalf of the medical professionals involved. Foster care did not improve Lia’s condition and the coercion of power on the Lee’s did not improve their compliance or strengthen their beliefs in western medicine and treatments. A more sensitive approach through home care services might have been more effective in the treatment of Lia’s epilepsy. Teaching the Lees how to read a clock, how to use the Gregorian calendar, would have been a useful approach to improve Lia’s condition. Community classes on western values and beliefs would also be of interest to help people from different cultures to assimilate to main stream culture. The tragedy is that both the doctors and the family genuinely wanted to help Lia, but their lack of communication and inability to understand each other, culturally, and linguistically, made mutual efforts impossible. Anne Fadiman’s research effort created a valuable resource for people in curing and caring professions. Understanding the importance of incorporating cultural values and beliefs in the deliverance of care can make a difference in somebody else’s life.

Complementary Therapies in UK Medicine

Complementary Therapies in UK Medicine There is an increasing use of complementary therapies and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) nowadays, and its use has steadily increased over the last ten to fifteen years in United Kingdom (UK) (Ernst and White 2000; 35). A more specifically data obtained within the UK has shown that there is a rapid increase in the use of complementary therapies and CAM with an estimated 15 million users nationwide (Andrew 2003; 337; House of Lords Select Committee 2000). It is estimated that this sector in the UK is rapidly expanding 1.6 billion pounds per annum industry, with around 60,000 practitioners, over 170 professional associations and around 5 million patients (Budd and Mills, 2000). The use of complementary therapies and CAM widely based in specific disease entities such as cancer, cystic fibrosis and asthma, in clinical settings such as obstetrical care and paediatric oncology and by international geographic locations (Yeh et al. 2000; 56). The concept of holism, which is an appreciation of the inter-relationship between body, mind and spirit, and recognition of the socio-cultural factors are fundamental to complementary therapies and medicine (Tiran 2006; 341). A number of definitions for complementary therapies and medicine have been proposed by different researchers. One of the definitions given is a broad domain of healing resource that encompasses health systems, modalities and practices and their accompany theories and beliefs, other than those intrinsic to the dominant health system of a particular society or culture in a given historical period (Snyder and Lindquist 2001; 6). According to Uzun and Tan (2004; 239), complementary therapy is defined as therapy used in conjunction with conventional therapy. Existing studies on complementary therapies and medicine focus mainly on two things. One is the focus on the specific mechanisms of actions such as particular herbal remedies, homeopathic medicines and essential oils, often with regard to assessing their safety and efficacy; the other one is focusing on specific therapies and medicine modalities such as herbal medicine, homeopathy and aromatherapy, as if they are stable or not, uniform and constant forms of health care practice (Williams 2000; 163). CURRENT ISSUES IN THE COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY AND CAM There is a steady increase in the use of complementary therapies and CAM by the general public in the last two decades (Ernst and White 2000: 32). This is parallel to their increased used in health care settings, including the UK NHS (Richardson 2001). In 1998, only 10% from 22 million visits to complementary therapy practitioners in England were though NHS contacts, highlighting a clear need for the provision of equitable and appropriate access to these services (Thomas et al. 2001; 8). Cancer patients are amongst the main users of complementary therapies in the UK, with up to a third of patients having received one or more complements therapies (Wilkinson 2002; 68). Due to the increase in demand, the UK government has commissioned a House of Lords Select Committee Report on complementary therapies (House of Lords Select Committee 2000). In order to have a clearer and better understanding of the complementary therapies, the report recognised the urgent need for the generation of high quality research evidence to support the complementary therapy and CAM use (House of Lords Select Committee 2000). The Prince of Wales Foundation for Integrated Health (FIH) has also recognised the need to combine the best of complementary therapy with conventional health care (Robert et al. 2005; 116). In order to deliver a good quality of complementary therapy, FIH has produced national guidelines for their use within the field of supportive and palliate care (FIH 2003). For application by the managers and commissioners of complementary therapy services within the field, the guidelines is used to inform service development and management, and practice development (Roberts et al. 2005; 116). REGULATIONS AND PROFESSIONAL BODIES OF COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY The number of people using complementary therapies and CAM in the K continues to grow (Thomas et al. 2001; 2). Unfortunately, a high proportion of complementary therapies and CAM practitioners in the UK are unregulated and due to the increased in demand, there is a need of certain mechanisms to protect the public against skilled practitioners (Mills 2001; 158). At present, a General Practitioner (GP) can only delegate treatment to complementary therapists, and the GP are responsible for the treatment provided and their effects (Walker and Budd 2002; 8). Two therapies which have achieved statutory self-regulation are osteopathy and chiropractors (Walker and Budd 2002: 8). Regulations and Professional Bodies of Aromatherapy Aromatherapy was introduced in the UK during 1960s and is one of the fastest growing complementary therapies with number of registered therapists increase from 2500 to 6000 between 1991 and 2000 (Walkman and Budd 2002: 13). The Aromatherapy Organisation Council (AOC) is an umbrella body represented by members from 13 established professional associations and claims to be the governing body for the aromatherapy profession in UK (AOC 2000). The AOC (2000) have welcomed and supported the findings of the select committee report, even though there is no statement stressing on the need for statutory regulation for aromatherapy but AOC will continue with their process under the Health Act 1999 towards statutory self-regulation to ensure public safety. Regulations and Professional Bodies of Osteopaths and Chiropractors The osteopathic and chiropractic professions have struggled for many years to be recognised as part of mainstream medicine (Walker and Budd 2002; 12). In May 2000, the Osteopathic Act was set up and enforced, making it a criminal offence for those who are not on the General Osteopathic Council register to call them osteopathic (GOsC 1999). On the other hand, Chiropractors Act was enforced in June 2001 and the conditions are the same as Osteopathic Act whereby those failing to join the General Chiropractic Council statutory register are considered as a criminal offense (Copland-Griffths 1999: 5). Regulations and Professional Bodies of Herbalists In 1993, the European Herbal Practitioners Association (EHPA) was formed and the Medicine Control Agency (MCA) and Department of Health have been working with EHPA on legislation aimed at protecting public safety and the rights of herbalists to prescribe herbs (Walker and Budd 2002: 12). Regulations and Professional Bodies of Acupuncturists The main regulatory body of acupuncturists in the UK is the British Acupuncture Council (BAcC) with 2200 members and was formed in 1995 (Walker and Budd 2002: 12). British Acupuncture Accreditation Board (BAAB) was also being set up and well-established for educational standard(Walker and Budd 2002: 12), and Regulation Action Group was set up too to carry out an extension consultation exercise which include regional group meetings and discussing options for regulations (BAcC 1999). WHO USES COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY AND CAM? According to the study carried out by Fox et al. (2010; 95), the prevalence rate for visits to complementary therapies practitioners in UK increased from 20% in 1998 to 27% in 2002. The practitioners most frequently visited in UK (reflexology, aromatherapy, acupuncture, chiropractic and so forth) are similar to other findings done by other researchers (MacLennan et al. 2002; 170). UK complementary therapies and CAM users are more likely to be well educated, affluent, middle-aged and employed especially those suffering from panic, anxiety and depression, and the findings are similar to international findings (Fox et al. 2010; 95). According to Risberg et al. (2004; 532), females showed more positive view towards complementary therapies and CAM than males. Consistent with the above findings of the complementary therapy and CAM, studies have found that a range of non-life threatening but long-term chronic conditions to be the most (Willison and Andrews 2004; 83). Wellman et al. (2001; 18) found that older CAM users typically presented with chronic non-life threatening conditions such as musculoskeletal problems (50%) and emotional problems (10%). Andrews (2002; 360) found that 59% of complementary therapies and CAM users were encountering musculoskeletal problem (including 11.3% for arthritis and 20% for chronic back pain) and 11% for emotional and mental health problems. On the other hand, Fautrel et al. (2002; 2438) were more specific and found use of complementary therapy and CAM on thyroid disease and arthritis. In the research carried out by Williamson et al. (2003; 25), complementary therapy and CAM users were found to use the treatments for moderate pain relief (54.8%) and in terms of general well-being, health fitness improvement purpose (45.2%) and life quality improvement (40.5%). FACTORS OF USING COMPLEMENTARY THERAPYAND CAM In the study carried out by Wellman et al. (2001), he found out that consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s pathway to use complementary therapy had consulted a physician or specialist but subsequently turned to complementary therapy and CAM because the physician or specialist failed to help them. Similarly, Andrews (2002; 361) found dissatisfaction with orthodox medicine lead them opt for complementary therapies and CAM. On the other study, both Wellman et al. (2001) and Andrews (2002; 361) concluded that advice from families members and friends influence both their choice to use CAM and which complementary therapy to select. A study conducted by Lewith et al. (2002; 104) has found that 32% of patients indicated they were currently receiving some form of complementary therapies, suggesting a trend is increasing in usage of complementary therapies over recent years. An earlier survey showed that 70% of National Health Service (NHS) Hospitals in England and Wales were offering one or more complementary therapies in the management of cancer care, with relaxation and aromatherapy being the most commonly available (Scott et al. 2005; 132). AROMATHERAPY Definition Aromatherapy involves the therapeutic use of essential plant oils and has existed for 5000 years (Barclay et al. 2006; 141). It is increasing being used in the cancer care and dermatology settings (Fellowes et al. 2004). Ways of Application Essential oils are applied to the skin by various method, such as ingested or inhaled, and they bring no harm unless it is used incorrectly (Steflitsch and Steflitsch 2008; 76). Aromatherapy massage is the most widely used complementary therapy in nursing practice (Macmillan Cancer Relief 2002). Who Uses It and Effects of Aromatherapy According to Kimber (2002; 22), aromatherapy massage helps to improve self-image during pregnancy and may aid acceptance of physical changes in mother. The relaxation effects generated also extend to the foetus (Diego et al. 2002; 404). Besides that, massage is found to be able to stimulate production of endorphins and decrease blood pressure, through its effect on the parasympathetic nervous system (Casar 2001; 11). Aromatherapy massage facilitates the absorptions of essential oils via the skin (Buckley 2002; 277), and aromatherapy is one of the primary therapy used to treat anxiety (Long et al. 2001; 182). In addition, essential oils are able to stimulate areas associated with smell in the limbic system of the brain and evidence that odours affect emotions and cognition (Alexander 2002; 54). Study conducted by (Steflitsch and Steflitsch 2008; 78) found that cancer patients receiving aromatherapy significantly improved quality of life and anxiety. According to Burns (2000; 84), an analysis of 8058 mothers who had received aromatherapy between 1989 and 1990 indicated that more than 50% of mothers found it helpful to release stress and relaxing. Ballard et al. (2002; 556) conducted a double-blind study involving dementia patients with clinically significant agitation treated with Melissa oil from eight NHS nursing homes in UK and concluded that those treated with Melissa group showed a higher significant improvement in reducing aggression than the control group by the fourth week. Besides that, aromatherapy is believed to have beneficial effect in reducing back pain and periarticular pain and Dolara et al. (2000: 357) had proven that aromatherapy exerts a strong anaesthetic effect that able to block the sodium current and thus reduce pain. Besides that, Friedman et al. (2002; 1555) concluded that essential oils have specific antibiotics and antifungal properties, and have significant beneficial effect on the urinary tract infection. BENEFITS AND OUTCOMES OF OTHER COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AND CAM The role of complementary therapy and CAM is mainly focusing on imposing the patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s quality of life (Roberts et al. 2005; 119) which includes psychological, social, spiritual and practical (Kaasa 2000). In one cancer clinical survey of trial patients carried out by Sparbe et al. (2000; 627), respondents informed that complementary therapies helped to enhance patientsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ quality of life by improving the capability of coping with stress and decreasing the discomfort of treatments. Boon et al. (2000; 2518) found that most of the breast cancer patients use complementary therapy to boost their immune systems. Some patients claimed that complementary therapy is playing an essential role in ameliorating and curing conditions including chronic problems (Luff and Thomas 2000; 256). DRAWBACK IN THE COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES AND CAM Complementary therapies and CAM are progressively being integrated into conventional health care through their provision in the UK NHS and independent hospice movement (Macmillan Cancer Relief 2002). However, there has been little effective evidence to support these developments in UK and this suggests that most complementary therapies and CAM services development over the last 10 years were in creeping developments (Roberts et al. 2005; 117). In conjunction to this matter, there is a need for the initiation of more scientific research to investigate individual complementary therapy and CAM (Wilkinson 2002; 468). In addition, there is also a need to evaluate the effectiveness of the provision of complementary therapy and CAM as an integrated NHS service, across acute and primary care (Roberts et al. 2005; 117). Many researches have been using randomised control trials in the study of the effectiveness of the individual complementary therapy and CAM interventions (House of Lords Select Committee 2000). However, such approach does not allow for a more complex multi-dimensional analysis of the effectiveness of service provision as a whole (Roberts et al. 2005; 118). Besides that, it is also difficult to determine the effect of short-term versus long-term use of complementary and CAM therapies (Jones et al. 2010; 151). Currently there are still a limited numbers of real complementary therapy and CAM professionals (Furnhan 2002; 44). Health professionals such as doctors and nurses also highlighted their lack of knowledge on complementary therapy and CAM consumption (Salmenpera et al. 2003; 360). Physicians have been reported to be indifferent or opposed to complementary therapy and CAM uses (Risberg et al. 2004; 530). This may be due to lack of understanding by clinicians, through a lack of appropriate education and doubts about the benefits offered by complementary therapy (Corbin-Winslow and Shapiro 2002; 1178). The issue of physicianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s emphasis on scientific evidence and their lack of understanding may contribute to the lack of effective explanation to the patients of the purpose of complementary therapy interventions (Tasaki et al. 2002; 217). CONCLUSION Aromatherapy has shown in various studies to overcome anxiety and panic, back pain, fungal and virus infection, dementia and pregnancy stress. In conjunction with this, the future clinical application of aromatherapy will probably have a place to be integrated in clinical medicine, especially in the hospitals, clinics and health care centres. However, more future research needs to be carried out in order to identify the beneficial aspect and it effects of different essential oils. This is because essential oils exhibit pharmacological, antimicrobial, physiological and psychological properties. It is a waste if there is no much research to explore the vast beneficial potentials hidden in the essential oils in order to determine its clinical potential in healing. The finding indicating physicians expressed more negative attitude towards complementary therapy and CAM compared to other health professionals such as doctors and nurses in UK is essential. This is because from this moment a better training and attitude can be provided to the physicians and other health care professionals so that they can have a better understanding on the importance and potentials of these therapies and medicine. In fact, it might also improve the understanding and cooperation between the health care professionals and the practitioners so that the practitioners can get a better confident, service and treatment from the health care professionals and physicians in the future. Besides that, quantitative and qualitative research on short-term and long-term effects of the therapies and CAM must be emphasised more in order to obtain more accurate and precise data proving the reliability, consistency and accuracy of the research. This is also to allow the public to have a wider choice in selecting the best treatment for their health.

Nature or Nurture: Case for an Integrated Life-Span Approach

Nature or Nurture: Case for an Integrated Life-Span Approach There has been a debate raging, sometimes quietly, sometimes not, in regards to why individuals are the way they are. Most now realize that there is a tremendous interaction between the expression of the genes that we are given and the environment that forms the context for growth and development. Consider identical twins, separated at birth, that grow up with no contact yet are remarkably similar (Santrock 1999, p. 65). Alternatively, consider children who have experienced extended separation from parents and where placed in a orphanage. Though they tested as being developmentally retarded, depending, if the were adopted prior to six years of age, they showed remarkable recovery while those remaining â€Å"institutionalized† never functioned ‘normally’ (Cole Cole 1989, pp. 251-252). Clearly, it is not an ‘all-or-none’ proposition. Even within a paradigm of an interactive process, the early theorists tended to believe that development happened in childhood and one’s adult years simply played out the development of one’s youth. While there is virtually universal agreement that the developmental foundation laid during infancy, childhood and adolescence cannot be understated in importance, in the last 30-40 years, there is a growing widespread recognition that development is lifelong process. Termed the â€Å"life-span approach†, it explicitly recognizes a four-fold approach to understanding both development and psychology, considering biological, environmental, social and cultural factors (Cole Cole, 1989, p. 11). The case of David, Ruth, Mei Ling and Mrs. Brown represents a situation which virtually demands the application of such an approach. One the following pages are tables which presents each person, their developmental issues by perspective and a psychology summary utilizing varying t heorists to ‘explain’ their current dilemma. In addition to the primary consideration of David and Ruth, Mei Ling is also presented to her pivotal role in the dynamics of David and Ruth’s situation. The life-span approach, by virtue of its multiple perspectives, takes into consideration that biology and environmental consideration are only valid in the context of cultural and social frameworks. With this approach, it is possible to begin reconciliation of otherwise often competing theories. A further contribution of this method is that is recognized as having seven very relevant characteristics (Santrock 1999, pp.9-11): Lifelong in nature – Unlike some paradigms, the life-span approach considers development to be ongoing throughout life, not just a childhood process. Multidimensional – There are often multiple factors for any given outcome or behavior. Just as David expresses unresolved anxiety from his ‘abandonment’, he is also frustrated by work pressures and the demands of his new family role(s). Multidirectional – Elements of one’s development do not always improve with age. For example, one’s physical abilities improve until early-adulthood and then begin to decrease. This is a key element in this case for Mrs. Brown who, due to a recent illness, has become suddenly much more aware of her gradually increasing dependence on others to perform tasks for which she recently needed no assistance. Plastic – In opposition to a pure â€Å"nature† approach, development is not fixed though one should keep in mind that, no matter how hard one tries, ‘a pig cannot be taught to sing’. Clearly, biology gives one certain potentialities that are expressed by environmental or other stimulation. Historically Embedded – Development is contingent upon the broader environmental context of history. For example, a child in the 1950’s is different in many respects that a child of this decade, despite experiencing many of the same psychodynamic issues and stages. Multi-Disciplinary – One cannot be a biologist and fully understand human development though this perspective is essential. In the same way, one cannot be a pure behaviorist and expect to account for the width and breadth of development. Contextual – Biology acts upon and with social, cultural and psychological factors. Similarly, the experiences one has shapes the expression of biological elements of development. While most any aspect of David and Ruth’s current situation can be explained by the application of one or more theoretical perspectives, it is the life-span approach that allows them to come together in one cohesive â€Å"story†. Unfortunately, it is only in retrospect, in most cases, that development can be full understood. To illustrate, consider the figure below. One can easily explain the â€Å"path† from E to A with the benefit of the perspective of looking back. However, consider that one would only have a 1/256 chance at arriving at E given the choices that present themselves at each â€Å"juncture of life† (Cole Cole 1989, p. 263). In explaining any given situation, the lifespan approach seeks to take advantage of all available information from both sides of the nature/nurture debate. While no method can approach the accuracy of hindsight, the insight offered by the recognition that people are ever developing and are not so easily understood by a single school of thought gives tremendous power to the ability of psychology to make meaningful contributions to those in the midst of the struggles of life. Works Consulted Santrock, J. (1999). Life-Span Development, 7th Edition. McGraw-Hill College: Boston, Massachusetts. Cole, M. and Cole. S. (1989). The Development of Children. Scientific American Books: New York, New York. Gleitman, H.(1986). Psychology, 2nd Edition. W.W. Norton Company: New York, New York.

Hamlet- The Role Of Women Essay -- essays research papers

Today women have many rights. We can vote, work, and even voice our own opinions. In the past women were seen as mothers and housekeepers, always taught to respect, listen, and serve there husbands or the man of the house. In those days this was considered normal, therefore women had no choice but to obey and do as they were told. In Hamlet, Shakespeare portrays a similar relationship between women and men. He allows men to hold the higher position in the causing, them to treat women as lesser people and believed that women should listen to them and do as they were told. Ophelia a young women in Hamlet, she represents how women are treated. Ophelia obeys several different men in the play. One of the men is Hamlet. Ophelia is sixteen much younger than Hamlet, Hamlet is twenty one and in college. The Maturity of each persons mind depends on there age. Ophelia is a woman who has been taught to believe and listen to men such as her father. When she is now faced with wether to believe Hamlet or doubt his love for she once again she disregards her feelings and trusts Hamlet. Hamlet pursued Ophelia, he saw a young women whome he could satisfy him self with. In the play Hamlet does not court ophelia the only place they are together is in Ophelia’s bedroom "He hath, my lord, of late made tenders Of his affection to me"(pg 17 line 99). Hamlet visits her bedroom at night and makes love to her. Ophelia believes this a relationship but is too young to know what a real relationship is. Hamlet writes her letters to make her believe that letters are a representation of Love. Ophelia did not refuse Hamlet everything that Hamlet wanted from Ophelia he got. She stops thinking for herself and allows men to think for her. Ophelia allows Hamlet to "make love to her" because Hamlet wants to. Men in those days had a great deal of power. Women were not thought of being much more than lovers and house keepers, there minds belonged to there men. Ophelia does not know wether the relationship was ever real. Hamlet is another man controlling her to make her believe that he really loved her. like her father, he can control her mind and make her believe what he wants her to. Another man she obeys is her father, Polonius, Lord Chamberlain. In the play she believes her father has her life in his hands, she will never d... ...ow her how wrong it is but it is a s though she can not see through her own eyes she agrees with Claudius and repeat whatever his oppinions are. Queen. I doubt it is no other but the main, His father’s death and our o’erhasty marriage (pg 39 line 56). Here the queen does not care whether her own son is hurt by her marriage. She seems to be heartless when she should be full of heart warming feelings. As a women in the play she allowed Claudius to instill his views in her. And just like Ophelia she subdues her feelings and allows a man-Claudius- to make his opinion an feelings hers. In making Hamlet I believed that Shakespear gave men the higher position in the play. Such as the title of the book Hamlet who is also the prince in the play. Most of the main characters in the play are men. The role of the women in the play existed in all the characters in the play. Women were portrayed as slow, weak, neurotic characters who were easily led astray and were easily controlled. Maybe Shakespear did not believe in women as strong characters due to the age he lived in but, now in the year 2000 this is un heard of.

Relationships and Interdependence in the Works of Kurt Vonnegut Essay

Relationships and Interdependence in the Works of Kurt Vonnegut While on the surface Kurt Vonnegut's works appear to singularly contain the pessimistic views of an aging, black humorist, his underlying meanings reveal a much more sympathetic and hopeful glimpse of humanity that lends itself to eventual societal improvement. As part of Vonnegut's strategy for enhanced communal welfare, the satirist details in the course of his works potential artificial family groups to connect the masses and alleviate the lonely. Through his science fiction tales of misinterpreted, downcast protagonists and outrageous observations of real life, Vonnegut shines a light on America's problems, proposing a widespread cooperation of common decency and interdependence as viable solutions. Whether or not such notions actually augment the quality of relations, Vonnegut's well-reasoned and starkly ironic scenarios entertain, challenge, and enliven his design for relational welfare through synthetic families. Throughout his works Vonnegut's development of artificial families and expression of common decency between characters helps illuminate his universal theme of societal interdependence in family groups and proves that life is only worth living when individuals support each other. Throughout his writings, Vonnegut illustrates man's necessity of family, whether hereditary or artificial, as a vital contribution to his survival and healthy intercourse with society. All relatives, be they naturally procured or synthetically acquired, possess the unique ability, and responsibility, to support, contribute t... ...te. Vol. 25. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 451. Vonnegut, Kurt. Bluebeard. New York: Delacorte Press, 1987. Vonnegut, Kurt. Breakfast of Champions. New York: Delacorte Press, 1973. Vonnegut, Kurt. Cat's Cradle. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1976. Vonnegut, Kurt. Deadeye Dick. New York: Delacorte Press/ Seymour Lawrence, 1982. Vonnegut, Kurt. Galapagos. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1985. Vonnegut, Kurt. Mother Night. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1963. Vonnegut, Kurt. Slapstick. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1976. Vonnegut, Kurt. The Sirens of Titan. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1959. Vonnegut, Kurt. Timequake. New York: G.P. Putnam's, 1997. Vit, Marek. Kurt Vonnegut Corner: Kurt Vonnegut Essay Collection. http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/4953/kv_essays.html Relationships and Interdependence in the Works of Kurt Vonnegut Essay Relationships and Interdependence in the Works of Kurt Vonnegut While on the surface Kurt Vonnegut's works appear to singularly contain the pessimistic views of an aging, black humorist, his underlying meanings reveal a much more sympathetic and hopeful glimpse of humanity that lends itself to eventual societal improvement. As part of Vonnegut's strategy for enhanced communal welfare, the satirist details in the course of his works potential artificial family groups to connect the masses and alleviate the lonely. Through his science fiction tales of misinterpreted, downcast protagonists and outrageous observations of real life, Vonnegut shines a light on America's problems, proposing a widespread cooperation of common decency and interdependence as viable solutions. Whether or not such notions actually augment the quality of relations, Vonnegut's well-reasoned and starkly ironic scenarios entertain, challenge, and enliven his design for relational welfare through synthetic families. Throughout his works Vonnegut's development of artificial families and expression of common decency between characters helps illuminate his universal theme of societal interdependence in family groups and proves that life is only worth living when individuals support each other. Throughout his writings, Vonnegut illustrates man's necessity of family, whether hereditary or artificial, as a vital contribution to his survival and healthy intercourse with society. All relatives, be they naturally procured or synthetically acquired, possess the unique ability, and responsibility, to support, contribute t... ...te. Vol. 25. Detroit: Gale, 1973. 451. Vonnegut, Kurt. Bluebeard. New York: Delacorte Press, 1987. Vonnegut, Kurt. Breakfast of Champions. New York: Delacorte Press, 1973. Vonnegut, Kurt. Cat's Cradle. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1976. Vonnegut, Kurt. Deadeye Dick. New York: Delacorte Press/ Seymour Lawrence, 1982. Vonnegut, Kurt. Galapagos. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1985. Vonnegut, Kurt. Mother Night. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1963. Vonnegut, Kurt. Slapstick. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1976. Vonnegut, Kurt. The Sirens of Titan. New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1959. Vonnegut, Kurt. Timequake. New York: G.P. Putnam's, 1997. Vit, Marek. Kurt Vonnegut Corner: Kurt Vonnegut Essay Collection. http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/4953/kv_essays.html

Deforestation :: Nature Wildlife Essays

â€Å"The burning of Central America† is the first of these articles and appears in Essentials of World Regional Geography, the textbook of Geography 240. This article was originally published in a magazine. This is the only article with a picture included. The picture is of the Brazilian rain forest burning and hacked to splinters after a slash and burn operation. The article tries to stay in a neutral scientific stance , however it is obvious that the article is against deforestation. The second article, â€Å"The Amazon River Lowland† is also out of the same geography book. It was primarily written to give the reader an idea of the different kinds of land in Brazil. It is for government intervention to save the forest. The third is a periodical, â€Å"Logging Damage during planned and unplanned logging operations in eastern Amazon.† Its appears in the June 1996 encyclopedia of Forest Ecology and Management. This periodical takes a more realisti c approach to deforestation. This article speaks as if it will happen no matter what but it focuses on what is mutually beneficial to both humans and the environment. The fourth article also appears in the same set of encyclopedias but is in the March 1997 volume. It is entitled, â€Å"Brazilian Amazonian caboclo agriculture: effect of fallow period on maize yield.† This periodical is an experiment to show which is better for growing corn after deforestation has occurred, either burning the forest or temporarily allowing it to grow back. This article made me think about the pros of deforestation and how burning could help the environment. It is presented scientifically with charts, maps, and graphs and it attempts to stay neutral but in the end it favors the fallow, or rest, period over burning. The fifth article is from the Internet and is named, â€Å"The Social Dynamics of Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon: An Overview.† Only the economics portion of thi s lengthy report was analyzed because of the overwhelming length of the paper and irrelevance to this paper’s topic. This article is against deforestation and lists only the negative economic factors of deforestation. The last article, â€Å"World Bank Plans Increased Support for Timber Harvesting† is also posted on the Internet. It is written by the Environmental Defense Fund and doesn’t attack deforestation but rather the World Bank which is helping it to occur.

Organisation Behaviour Essay

Using the concepts that you have read in the book, describe what would be according to your personality the ideal job for you ? (Sessions 1 and 2) With noadays’ global and competitive environment, Organisation Behaviour look further in workforce diversity. It seeks to include different personnalities in an organisation to improve performances and increase organisation values. Personality is about determining a person’s reactions and interactions with others. Though a part of this fact is determined by heredity, it is also a process of change related to psychological growth and personal development. Finding a job that ideally corresponds to my personality is not as easy as it seems.  According to OB experts, a good job fit refers to  « the degree to which a person’s cognitive abilities, interests and personality dynamics fit those required by the job  » (Chuck Russell – Right Person Right Job, Guess or Know). So job fit is not only about matching technical skills, but it is also about matching my inner passion and talent with the job and with the organisation. It has been proven that a good job fit increases performances and attracts talent. On the other hand, a bad job fit can have a negative impact ; that’s why it is critical to success. To find my ideal job, there are many different tools based on personality traits to describe an individual’s behaviour and distinguish differences, but I have chosen two of them to analyse myself : †¢ Firstly, the MYERS-BRIGGS compares four type indicators : Extroverted vs Introverted, Sensing vs Intuitive, Thinking vs Feeling, Judging vs Perceiving. Personally, I think that I used to be an ESFJ person (called the Guardian Provider), but that I changed with time into an ESTJ person. (called the Gardian Supervisor). This change is maybe caused by my personal evolvment. Secondly, OB has also focused on big five factors related to job outcomes : Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional stability, and Openness to experience. To have an outer opinion about my own personality, I have taken a test online (www.personalitytest.org.uk) by answering questions reflecting these five factors. My results were : ââ€" ¦ Extroversion : preference to social situations ââ€" ¦ Agreeableness : tendency to be trusting friendly and cooperative ââ€" ¦ Conscientiousness : methodical, well organized and dutiful ââ€" ¦ Neuroticism : tendency to feel insecurity and emotional distress ââ€" ¦ Openness : interest in creativity, culture and educational experiences After my self discovery through this analysis, and regarding the relationship between personality and performances, I cannot say that there’s a unique ideal job for me. But taking into consideration my personal preferences, I would like to work as a Marketing Brand Manager.. I think this job would fit me like a glove because : †¢ it requires a lot of organisational skills by planning the marketing process, and co-ordinating all the elements related to promotion and sales. †¢ It requires group work management, with open-minded and regular interactions and communication with the employees. †¢ it is also connected to creativity that adds value to the organisation, not only in advertising but in all the marketing process. †¢ It demand an ability to adapt myself to different situations through innovation †¢ It gives me satisfaction to have concrete results of my work that can have an impact on the company’s performance. These elements of the Marketing Brand Manager’s job fits well with my personality because they reflect what I am good at. There is no good or bad personality, because every person is different from the other, and so every person has its place in an organisation. Therefore, finding the best job fit is not only related to what we know, but it is more about what we are today and how we interact.

My Dream Job Essay

For numerous years since I was new-fangled I had the passion to be a truth officer, I cute to be that hero who I seen on idiot box that saved everybody from danger and harm simply little did I know it wasnt as easy as telecasting do it come out to be. As my lot days passed I in the long run came to a conclusion of what I cherished my life to be like.High civilize was the turning point where I no longer precious to be a police officer eachmore, I grew noesis of better opportunities for me and being a police officer respectable wasnt abounding for me. I wanted a teleph ane line that was liberation to give me the ability to get through and through a shit it away high class and buy the overpriced topics I wish I could claim had when I was young. Homicide detective was my next culture in my life to be, Ive watched some episodes of a show c each(prenominal)ed The First 48 and it inspired me to want to solve murders for heap who didnt take on the chance to re gularise their side of the story.The First 48 showed many positive sides of being a homicide detective only when gave little information approximately what the actual mull itself was like. Seeing completely in(p) bodies didnt seem so blue to me scarce as I vox populi about it I asked myself if this is true(a)ly what I wanted my universal life to be like, the only thing i was implicated about was interrogating criminals to solve the case but the fact of seeing dead bodies everyday didnt sit right with me. I was back at step one trying to figure out what I wanted to be in life. elderly year came faster than expected and in that location I was clueless about my future, it was sentence to settle mastered and narrow down my options. I was certain that I wanted to work in the criminal arbiter industry so now whole I had to do was search. My absolute final life decision was made and I just knew that being a family attorney was it for me. Now that I knew what I wanted to be I had to do deeper research than I take a shit done before. I found that theres not just one type of attorney there be several(prenominal) contrary sorts such as real country, incorporated, family, criminal, battle and so on its just a matter of fact what youre provoke in and want to do.Real dry land lawyers deal with real property transactions that have gone wrong and take on cases that deal with mortgage or disclosure fraud and they even swear out with subdivision and zoning laws, most real state lawyers are often highly specialized and work long hours depending on the client. in that location are numerous skills that you must(prenominal) have in order to be a successful real estate lawyer and that includes developing a abundant duty law foundation and having plastered negotiating skills. Education is a big verbalism when it comes to taking on this certain kind of job A real estate lawyer must obtain a juris doctorate form from a nurture accredited by t he Ameri foundation bill Association along with an attorneys license finished passing the measuring rod exam.Most employers often withdraw several years of transaction grooming and contract negotiation but when its all done and said the net profit could but quite rewarding The honest compensation for a real estate lawyer is $118,000. Salary depends on the periodical rate charged and job experience. working(a) in a large inviolable or becoming a collaborator increases a real estate lawyers pay.Corporate lawyers on the other glide by are called when business advice is needed or they do whats top hat in the interest of the grass they are working for but they are overly known for many dissimilar names too A corporate lawyer is also known as In-House Counsel, Staff Attorney, Deputy world- abundant Counsel, General Counsel and Chief Legal incumbent. They have many duties that require a strong background in several different areas which means that you would have to have writing, negotiating and managerial skills. Corporate lawyer salaries could identify from $66,000 to $170,000 but could only be manageable with the genteelness of having a juris doctorate degree that is received from an accredited law school by the American Bar Association. The job of a family lawyer could be a lot more excited collectible to the life changing decisions that are made in court.Family lawyers deal with a wide variety of family issues such as kidskin custody, legal separation, child support, marriage annulment and visitation rights. Family attorneys are also called disassociate and family practice lawyers, its a shame how Forty to fifty percent of all marriages in the United States end in divorce but thats just my opinion. The process of a divorce with no fault came to effect in 1969 when atomic number 20 was the first state to legalize no-fault divorce. In 2010, New York was the last of the fifty states to extol it. No-fault divorce does not require any evid ence of wrong-doing on the part of either spouse. Although divorce is a tough emotional decision, in basis of the law, it can well be granted under a no-fault divorce ruling.Adivorce lawyers responsibility is to separate the assets and debt between the spouses, if children are involved the lawyer helps set the terms for child support and custody. Divorce lawyers must have excelling unique skills as a attentive listener because decisions made in and out of court will greatly affect the clients life. There arent any specific education requirements for family lawyers although some courses are advised but passing the bar exam and care law school is compulsory. Salaries for family attorneys can clench from $48,000 to $80,000 and as they build their reputation their hourly rate and salary could most probable increase.Criminal Lawyers on the other hand represent their client in a criminal court system that goes through pretrial hearings, settlement conferences, trials and sentence he arings. They obligate juveniles (teenagers), and adults at a state, federal and local anaesthetic level. Criminal lawyers often work on several cases at a sequence so it could be quite difficult to keep on with all your clients sometimes. They also offer legal counsel if it would be in their clients best interest.The process of going through the process can take time There is a gigantic amount of time spent conference evidence like police reports, eyewitness testimonies and any other information minded(p) to the case. As a result, criminal lawyers hire the expertise of paralegals, private investigators, litigation consultants and others to countenance them. As far as the salary for criminal lawyers The average salary of a criminal lawyer is $78,500. However, the salary can range from $45,000 to $130,000. Interestingly, private criminal lawyers instal the lowest earnings among lawyers. Experience and procession to the top of the career ladder and increases a criminal lawye rs pay scale so acquiring your business put out would be a main priority so that you could remove more money.After all the options I looked over I unflinching that being a family lawyer would be the best decision for me because I signify it would be a great thing if I helped families get over the pain in the neck that theyve been through and also help the kids that are in the middle of it to be with the best parent that is best suitable for them and to have them in a safe environment and home. I hope to work in a successful big law firm one day and make a good living so that when I do decide to have kids I can be a great provider for them and put them through schooling like my parents were able to do for me.

Beloved on Slavery

Theres a detached essence a sense of loss.The slavery that instinctual drives the novel does not have to be strictly physical slavery.Morrison†s characters are slaves physically and mentally. Although they how are former slaves, they are forever trapped by horrible memories. The type of slavery the novel initially depicts does not correspond to what really happened to slaves in the 1800s."Slavery is very predictable," she clarified.Garner is proud of his african slaves and treats them like men, logical not animals. . . .

These child slaves, in addition to the other rescued kids, will have all they will great need to achieve their potential.. my niggers is other men every one of em.Bought em thataway, raised em thataway. Men every one.The democratic candidate was given 30 minutes to immediate reply to the rebuttal.He treats and refers to the former slaves as animals. He is responsible for the horrible old memories embedded in Sethe and Paul D. new Sethe feels the impact of slavery to its fullest extent. Slavery pushes her to kill what her baby daughter.

Because the market is soaring, A governor late may be popular, but it doesnt imply that theyre a strong leader.I took and put my babies where they†d be safe. † Paul D asks, â€Å"How? Your boys gone you don†t know where. One girl dead, the other won†t parental leave the yard. How did it work? â€Å"They ain†t at Sweet Home.Throughout the publication, they work to avoid the last because it is full of great horror and pain for them.As for Denver, how she is indirectly affected by the horrors of slavery. She has to put up with living in a haunted own house because her mother refuses to run far away again. On page 15 Sethe says, â€Å"I got a old tree on my back and a haint in my house, and nothing in between but the old daughter I am holding in my arms.No few more running — from nothing.

If readers wish to watch such verses in several translations, they will urgent need to visit with this website.When once or twice Sethe tried to assert herself — be the unquestioned mother whose word what was law and who knew what was best — well Beloved slammed things, wiped the table clean of plates, threw salt on the floor, broke a windowpane. †¦Nobody said, You raise your hand to me and I will knock you into the middle of next week. †¦ No, no. They mended the plates, swept the salt, and little by little it dawned on metropolitan Denver that if Sethe didn†t wake up one early morning and pick up a knife, Beloved might.Mounting chorus both women and men, shes sexually ambiguous.On page 72 he says, â€Å"But wasn†t no way I†d ever be Paul D again, living or dead. Schoolteacherchanged me. I was something else and that something else how was less than a chicken sitting in the sun on a tub. † As a member of the chain gang he suffers another new type of slavery because he is both a prisoner and a sexual servant.

"You can genuinely control unique peoples lives.† how This applies to each and every one of her characters. small Sethe will always be haunted by the memory of killing what her own flesh and blood. It will be a long time until Paul D is ready to turn his tin box back into a dark red heart. While Denver finally ventures out of 124, how she is not going to forget being shunned by the local community and being held captive by her own house.The entire world is within this room.Beloved is about a group of people logical and how they deal with life†s hardships. Many social issues in the story deal with control. how There is a constant struggle for power throughout the novel. Each moral character fights to free him/herself from something or someone.

Theres nothing.It is not clear when or if this will take place.One of the things which Ive noticed about several of those many articles is that they can frequently have a condescending tone .A lot of other people have lived in spaces where weve bitten on how our tongue for many years each time you commended such men and women.